Regulations surrounding e-cigarettes vary by country and region, and ongoing research continues to investigate the long-term health effects and safety of these devices
Supplementary Information 8: Risk curve details
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They also come with a substantial list of possible negative side effects that come with every use, including: Reduced sense of taste Bronchial spasms Burning sensation in the throat Persistent itchiness of the mouth, lips, or tongue A scratchy feeling in the lips, mouth, or throat Cough that will not go away after 1-2 weeks Dizziness that can get more severe after standing up Headache Irregular heart rate Drowsiness or sleepiness Shortness of breath or shallow breathing Difficulty breathing due to aggravation of existing conditions like asthma, emphysema, or COPD The long-term effects of vaping are still relatively unknown because the technology is still fairly emergent
