Summary-level Mendelian randomisation of effect of bipolar disorder on smoking The MR analyses of the effect of liability to bipolar disorder on risk of smoking initiation (beta IVW = 0.008, 95% CI 0.026 to 0.009, P = 0.35), lifetime smoking (beta IVW = 0.001, 95% CI 0.032 to 0.030, P = 0.95) and smoking cessation (OR IVW = 0.003, 95% CI 0.9811.014, P = 0.74) revealed no evidence of a causal effect (Table 1, supplementary Figs 46, 1012, 1618)
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Male first-episode inpatients, aged 1645 years, diagnosed with SCZ by SCID-IV, were recruited for this study
Quitting can cause withdrawal symptoms such as intense cravings for cigarettes and irritability