DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01118-6 [Google Scholar] Liu C, Zhang Q, Zhou H, Jin L, Liu C, Yang M, et al
L-glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid in SCD that: Increases NAD levels through de novo synthesis Serves as a precursor to glutathione, the primary antioxidant in red blood cells Replenishes the NADH/NADPH pool to support cellular energy and oxidative balance Clinical evidence is robust: a Phase 3 randomised controlled trial (Niihara et al., 2018, N=230) demonstrated a significant reduction in painful crises and fewer hospitalisations in SCD patients receiving oral L-glutamine results that led to FDA authorisation for L-glutamine powder to reduce acute SCD complications in patients aged 5 years and older
Inhaled, and topical: dental-intracanal, dermal, intranasal, ophthalmological, otic and perianal) are not prohibited if used in accordance with therapeutic instructions
He has also received many national and international academic awards including the MyFaceMyBody Awards in London both in 2012, 2013 and 2016 for innovations in Aesthetic Medicine and Hair Transplant
This metabolite covalently bonds to tissue macromolecules, resulting in tissue injury and cell death (Figure 3)